|
|
|
|
|
1511
|
28
|
Portuguese
discover Amboyna and conquer Malacca
|
|
1512
|
29
|
War
between Russia and Poland
War with Russia over the White Russian
region (Belarus). The Russians made
considerable gains and in 1514 took
Smolensk, but most of Belarus remained
under Polish-Lithuanian rule.
Weblink: Bartleby.Com |
|
1483
|
29
|
Martin
Luther - Doctor of Divinity |
|
1512
|
29
|
Shiísm
becomes state religion of Persia |
|
1512
|
29
|
Copernicus
states earth and other planets turn
around the sun
Note: Copernicus was a Polish
astronomer and founder of modern astronomy.
His father was a Germanized Slav, his
mother a German, Poland and Germany
both claim the honour of producing him...
His De Revolutionibus, proving the sun
to be the centre of the universe, was
completed in 1530 and published just
before his death in 1543.
Chambers Biographical Dictionary,Page
344, W & R Chambers Ltd, Edinburgh,
Scotland, 1990. |
|
1512
|
29
|
Royal
Navy builds double deck ships |
|
1513
|
30
|
Vasco
Nunez discovers Pacific Ocean |
|
1514
|
31
|
Pineapples
arrive in Europe |
|
1514
|
31
|
First
European vessels in Chinese Waters |
|
1515
|
32
|
Anglo
France Peace Treaty signed |
|
1515
|
32
|
Lateran
Council forbids printing of books without
permission of Roman Catholic authorities |
|
1516
|
33
|
Archduke
Charles (16) becomes King of Spain
Note: Charles V (1500-1558)
was Holy Roman Emperor 1519-56 and
King of Spain as Charles I (1516-56),
founder of the Habsburg dynasty...
He was the considered the most powerful
monarch in Europe at age 19... Chambers
Biographical Dictionary,Page 293,
W & R Chambers Ltd, Edinburgh,
Scotland, 1990.
|
|
1516
|
33
|
Selim
I defeats Egyptian forces near Aleppo
and annexes Syria
Note:
Selim I (1467-1520) Ottoman sultan
of Turkey. In 1512 he dethroned his
father, Bayezit II, and caused him,
his own brothers, and nephews to be
put to death. In 1514 he declared
war against Persia and took Diyarbakir
and Kurdistan ... Chambers
Biographical Dictionary,Page 1324,
W & R Chambers Ltd, Edinburgh,
Scotland, 1990.
|
|
1516
|
33
|
Treaty
of Frieburg - perpetual peace between
France and Swiss |
|
1516
|
33
|
Queen
Mary born eldest of Henry VIII
Note:
Daughter of Catherine of Aragon
|
|
1517
|
34
|
End
of Lateran Council |
|
1517
|
34
|
Martin
Luther protests against sale of indulgences
and posts his 95 theses on door of palast
church in Wittenberg (Oct 31) - Reformation
begins |
|
1517
|
34
|
Pope
Leo publishes bull for 5 year peace
in Christendom
Note:
His vast project for the rebuilding
of St Peter's and his permitting the
preaching of an indulgence in order
to raise funds had provoked Luther's
Reformation ... Chambers
Biographical Dictionary,Page 883,
W & R Chambers Ltd, Edinburgh,
Scotland, 1990.
|
|
1517
|
34
|
Portuguese
found a factory in Colombo, Ceylon and
reach Canton by sea |
|
1517
|
34
|
Coffee
in Europe for the first time |
|
1518
|
35
|
Peace
of London between England, France, Emperor
Maximilian, Pope and Spain, devised
by Cardinal Wolsley |
|
1518
|
35
|
Martin
Luther summoned by Cardinal Cajetan
to diet of Augsburg, refuses to recant |
|
1518
|
35
|
Juan
de Grijalua explores coast of Yucatan
and discovers Mexico |
|
1518
|
35
|
Royal
College of Physicians founded in London
|
|
1518
|
35
|
East
Asian Porcelain comes to Europe |
|
1518
|
35
|
Spectacles
for short sighted |
|
1518
|
35
|
Lorens
de Gominot gets license to import 4000
african slaves to Spanish American Colonies |
|
1519
|
36
|
Charles
I of Spain becomes Holy Roman Emperor
as Charles V
Note:
Charles V (1500-1558) was Holy Roman
Emperor 1519-56 and King of Spain
as Charles I (1516-56), founder of
the Habsburg dynasty... He was the
considered the most powerful monarch
in Europe at age 19... Chambers
Biographical Dictionary,Page 293,
W & R Chambers Ltd, Edinburgh,
Scotland, 1990.
|
|
1519
|
36
|
Papal
Chamberlain Karl von Militz advises
Martin Luther to write letter of Submission
to Pople Leo X which Martin Luther Promises
to do |
|
1519
|
36
|
In
his Leipzig disputation with Johann
Eck, Luther questions the fallibility
of Papal decisions |
|
1519
|
36
|
Ulrick
Zwingli - preaching in Zurich begins
Swiss Reformation. |
|
1519
|
36
|
Leonardo
Da Vinci dies |
|
1519
|
36
|
Montezuma,
Aztec ruler, receives Hernando Cortez
into Tenochtitlan - capital of Mexico
Note:
Last Aztec emperor ... a distinguished
warrior and legislator, he died during
the Spanish conquest of Hernando Cortez
... Chambers
Biographical Dictionary,Page 1033,
W & R Chambers Ltd, Edinburgh,
Scotland, 1990.
|
|
1519
|
36
|
Ferdinand
Magellan obo Spain leaves Europe to
circumnavigate the globe
|
|
1519
|
36
|
Domenico
de Pineda explores Gulf of Mexico from
Florida to Vera Cruz |
|
1519
|
36
|
Cortes
takes Arabian horses from Spain to North
American continent |
|
1520
|
37
|
Suleiman
I, the Magnificent becomes Sultan
of Turkey
Note:
Ottomon Emperor and son of Sulim I,
considered the greatest of the Ottoman
Sultans ... He succeeded his father
at a time when the empire was militarily
strong both on land and at sea, while
he himself was an experienced soldier
and administrator. Known in the West
as the Magnificent, known to his own
people as Kanuni, 'the law giver'
... Chambers
Biographical Dictionary,Page 1416,
W & R Chambers Ltd, Edinburgh,
Scotland, 1990.
|
|
1520
|
37
|
Beginning
of Anabaptist Movement in Germany under
Thomas Münzar |
|
1520
|
37
|
Pope
Leo X excommunicates Luther (Bull "Exsurge")
and declares him a heretic - Luther
publicly burns the bull |
|
1520
|
37
|
Lucas
Cranach paints Luther portrait |
|
1520
|
37
|
Magellan
passes thru the Straits of Magellan
into the Pacific Ocean and sails for
the Philippines |
|
1520
|
37
|
Chocolate
brought from Mexico to Spain |
|
1520
|
37
|
Sultan
Suleiman I conquers Belgrade and begins
to invade Hungary |
|
1520
|
37
|
Hernando
Cortez, the Spanish conquistador,
assumes control of Mexico after destruction
of Aztec State
|
|
1520
|
37
|
Pope
Leo X confers title "Defender of
the Faith" on Henry VIII for his
"Assertio Septem Sacramentorum"
against Luther |
|
1520
|
37
|
Luther
cross examined before "Diet of
Worms"by Cardinal Alexander the
Papal nuncio is banned from the Holy
Roman Empire; imprisoned in the Watburg
he begins his german translation of
the bible. |
|
1521
|
38
|
Pope
Leo X dies |
|
1521
|
38
|
Ferdinand
Magellan killed by Philippino natives
|
|
1521
|
38
|
Manufacture
of Silk introduced to France |
|
1522
|
39
|
Sultan
Suleiman I takes Rhodes from the Knights
of St. John (see 1530) |
|
1522
|
39
|
Spanish
forces conquer Guatemala |
|
1522
|
39
|
Luther
returns to Wittenberg condemning fanatics
and iconoclasts : Finishes translation
of NT (OT finished 1534) the Wittenberg
printer Hans Lufft produces 1000,000
copies in the course of the next 40
years. |
|
1522
|
39
|
Polyglot
Bible (latin, greek, Hebrew & Aram)
published by Uni of Alcala |
|
1522
|
39
|
Pascuel
de Andagoya discovers Peru |
|
1522
|
39
|
Dürer
designs flying machine for use in war |
|
|
